План-конспект урока "Washington - the capital of the USA"
методическая разработка
Автор: Рожкова Светлана Сергеевна, учитель, ГБОУ Школа с углубленным изучением английского языка №1362, г. Москва
В раздел основное общее образование
ПЛАН-КОНСПЕКТ УРОКА
В 9 КЛАССЕ ПО ТЕМЕ
WASHINGTON – THE CAPITAL OF THE USA
Цель а
ктивизация навыков иноязычного общения на основе адекватного смыслового восприятия предлагаемого иноязычного материала.
Задачи:
Образовательные: 1. расширение страноведческого кругозора; 2. формирование и совершенствование практических навыков владения страноведческой лексикой; расширение словарного запаса, путем привлечения дополнительного материала; 3. систематизация знаний на уровне понимания, применения и анализа. Развивающие: 1. развитие языковых способностей, готовности к коммуникации; 2. развитие внимания, памяти и языковой догадки. Воспитательные: 1. создание условий для формирования уважения и интереса к культуре страны; 2. воспитание интеллектуальных способностей учащихся; 3. воспитание уважения к мнению других людей.
Ход урока:
I
. Организационный момент.
Good morning, boys and girls. I am glad to see you. Sit down please. Today we will have an unusual lesson – an excursion through Washington – the capital of the USA. I hope you are ready for lesson. We’ve done great work to learn information about th United States of America, especially about its geography And now it’s time to revise the information you’ve learned about the USA.
II. . Речевая
разминка.
1. Who discovered America? 2. What kind of country is the USA? 3. Where is it situated? 4. What is it washed by?
5. Are there any mountains in the USA? If yes, what are they? 6. What is the biggest river of the country? 7. What American cities do you know?
III. Формирование
новых
знаний.
1. The history of the city.
Today we are starting to study new topic “Washington”. Our lesson will be unusual because some of our students are guides today and they will present information about the most famous sights of this city. The rest part of our class should listen to them very attentively, write down some of the information. At the end of our lesson you will do a test on our topic. But now I suggest that you should listen to the text about the history of the capital and then answer my questions.(Аудирование текста, имеющего историческую информацию о столице государства)
Text for listening
Washington was chosen ad the capital at the end of the American Civil War. It began in 1791 when the country’s first president George Washington selected the place on the Potomac River. First of all, he knew the river very well because was born on its banks and spent much of his youth swimming, sailing and fishing in the river. Besides he thought it was a good place because the Potomac River was deep enough for ships to come to the city. When the time came for the new capital to be built, he chose a Frenchman, Pierre Charles L’Enfant to design it. The result was broad avenues, large squares and fine parks. L’Enfant gave letters to the streets north and south, and numbers to those east and west. He named avenues for the states. He divided the city into quarters that are still recognized. But the first president who really changed the city was Franklin Roosevelt. His administration found thousands of workers to build new federal buildings during the Great Depression in the 30s.
Questions on the text
1. When was the place for a new capital chosen? 2. Where was it chosen to be built? 3. Who chose the place/ 4. Why was that place chosen to be the capital? 5. The Frenchman planned the capital, didn’t he? 6. What did he do for the new city? 7. Who really changed the city?
2. Sights of the city. An excursion through the capital.
Teacher:
Well, now you know some facts from the history of this city. It’s time to learn more information about it. Our guides will help us to do it. So meet our guides.
( Рассказы учеников-гидов о главных достопримечательностях города)
Guide1. General information.
Washington – the capital of the USA. (general facts about the city)
Nowadays Washington has grown to be one of the most beautiful and outstanding cities in the world though the capital is rather young. It is an administrative city without much industry. Washington is not a typical American city. It has not a single skyscraper and nobody will build a house higher that the Capitol because there is a special law not to build high buildings. It is a nice thing not to have stone jungles in the city. It has a lot of public gardens, parks where anyone can sit in the sun. During lunch time there many runners in the city. They are office workers who take care of their health. After sitting at a desk for several hours they prefer to run slowly a few kilometers. It is very difficult to find a parking place here. The subway, called “the Washington Metro” is a model of superb public transportation. By the way, it is the longest metro in the world. Taxes are available and not expensive. Washington is clear and green. It is very interesting to see the famous cherry trees. They are the gift from Japan. They were brought in Washington in 1912. But nowadays only about 60 of them are still alive.
Guide 2. The Catitol and the Library of Congress.
The Capitol is the highest building in the capital. It is located in the very centre of the city. This place is called the Capital Hill. The first president of the country himself laid the cornerstone of the building on September,18, 1793. The Capitol is the place where the American Congress (both the Senate and the House of Representatives) meets. The building contains 430 rooms. On top of the dome is a bronze statue of freedom. The 36 white marble columns which surround the lower part of the dome represent the states in the union at the time this structure was designed. Not far from the Capitol the Nation’s library, the Library of Congress is located. It is one of the world’s largest, housing a collection of 80 million items. It takes 340 miles(204 km0 of shelves to hold all the books. There are 5 mln of them there.
Guide 3. The White House.
Another main pointing the capital is – the White House, the residence of the president. It is the oldest public building in Washington and one of the most beautiful. It has 132 rooms. There are some rooms which are known by their colors: The Blue Room, the Green Room, the Red Room. The first stone was laid on the 13th of October, 1792. It was designed by James Hoban. The history says that in1812 when England was at war with America, the British soldiers captured the city and some of the buildings, including the Capitol and the house of the president, were set on fire. In 1817, to hide the marks of the fire, the brown stone walls were painted white, the house was rebuilt and since then it has been called the White house. G. Washington never lived in it, it was first occupied in 1800 and the first president who lived in that house was J. Adams. The White House address is 1600 Pennsylvania Avenue.
Teacher:
Thank you for your stories. They were interesting. But now we are going to rest a little.
IV.Физкультминутка. Релаксация.
Teacher:
Let’s go on, my dear friends. As you know Washington was named after its first president. And of course there is a monument in the capital which is devoted to him. Now I suggest you to read the text and our guides will continue their work.
Text for reading
The Washington Monument
As you know, the US capital was named after G. Washington, the first American President. The Father of the Country. Americans wanted to have a statue of him in the centre of the capital. In 1832 Congress found money for the statue. They wanted it to be a big statue of Washington on horseback and asked an artist to do the work. He worked for 8 years and finally the statue was ready. But there was a problem: he worked in Florence, Italy. How could they get the statue from Italy to America? Congress discussed this problem for weeks and after all they sent a man-of-war to bring it across the Atlantic ocean. But the marble George weighed 12 tons, and it took 44 oxen to pull him over Italians roads. When the Statue arrived in Washington congressmen were shocked to see that the great hero had been made sitting on a chair, naked to the waist. It was not what they wanted. So they decided to put the statue inside the Capitol. At the Capitol doors they understood that it was too large. The doors were made wider and the statue was carried in. But it was too heavy because the floor was sinking under it. So the Statue was carried out again. They put it near the Capitol building where it stood for a while. There was a sword in the figure’s hand. George looked very sad, it seemed that he was crying, “Take my sword if you wish, but bring me some clothes!’ The statue mow is in the National Museum of American History, where it is safely out of the rain. But what about the monument? Americans still wanted to have it in the capital. So they collected money and held a competition for the best. It was won by Robert Mills. He designed a huge obelisk that would stand high above the city. The building began in 1848. It cost a lot of money, but some states and countries helped by giving marble blocks. The monument was half finished when they had to stop. The whole business had got into of some dishonest people. And so, for 25 years this half-finished monument stood in the centre of Washington useless and ugly. Only much later it was completed and began to look as it looks now.
Guide 4. The Pencil.
The work on the monument was finished in 1888. It is one of the city’s most impressive sights. It is also called “the Pencil”. The monument is one of the tallest stone constructions in the world. It is over 555 feet high (about 160 metres). Inside the obelisk there a 898 steps to the top. Tourist can walk up them to get a bird’s eye view of the capital.
Guide 5. Memorials to American Presidents in Washington
The second great Presidential Memorial is the magnificent Lincoln Memorial. It was completed on the 30th of May,1922. The memorial was built in the style of classic Greek temple. But the dominant feature is a realistic figure of Lincoln. It has 36 columns which represent the states in the Union at the time of Lincoln’s death. Thomas Jefferson Memorial was adopted by the Congress in 1934 but was completed in 1943. Inside the memorial the 19-foot statue of Jefferson stands. It is made of bronze.
Guide 6. Museums.
There are many museums and art galleries in the capital. One of them is the National gallery of Art. It contains one of the world’s finest collections of European and American paintings,
sculpture and graphic art from the 13th century to the present. It was opened in 1941 and was designed by John Russell Pope. The Smithsonian Institution Building known as the Castle was completed i 1855. The complex now includes 14 museums. James Smithson had never been to the USA but he left 500,000 $ to America. The National Air and Space Museum is the world’s most popular Museum. The 23 galleries are filled with the exhibits that tell the story of man flight.
Guide 7. The Pentagon.
The Pentagon is the US military centre. It is five-sided building and the largest office building in the world. It has more than 17 miles of corridors and about 32 thousand of people work there. The Pentagon was built between1941 and 1943. Near it is the Arlington National Cemetery with the Tomb of the Unknown Soldier. American soldiers of every war since the American Civil War have been buried here. Just up the Potomac River G.Washington, who predicted the greatness of the city rests in peace.
Teacher:
I think that we should thank our guides for their work. Thank you very much. You have done a great work. And you? Did you listen to them? What have you learned about the capital? On the screen you see a number of questions on the topic of our lesson. You have some minutes to answer them in your exercise-books and then I’ll take them back to check and give you marks.
V. Закрепление пройденного материала. Выполнение теста.
QUESTIONS FOR A TEST
1. The place for a new capital was chosen at the end of the Civil War, wasn’t it? 2. What is the name of the river the capital is situated on? 3. What was brought to Washington from Japan? 4. Are there any tall buildings in the capital? 5. What is the tallest one? 6. Who is it used by and for what? 7. What is there near it? 8. How many presidential monuments does Washington have? 9. Which is called “The Pencil”? 10. What is the White House address? 11. Who was the first president to live in the White House? 12. How many museums does the Smithsonian Institution Building consist of? 13. When was the National gallery of Art opened? 14. What is NASA famous for? 15. What is the largest office building in the world situated in the capital?
VI.Домашнее задание.
Well, you time is up. Please, give me your copy-books and write down your home task. . At home you will write a letter about the sight you were impressed most of all and why.
VII. Подведение
итогов.
Dear friends, you were active today and your marks are good and excellent. Do you think the guides helped us to learn the information about the capital better? What new things have you learned? Was it interesting for you to be guides? Why? Out lesson is over. You may be free. Bye-bye.
В раздел основное общее образование