Напоминание

"Ихтиология и рыбоводство"


Автор: Лебедева Светлана Владимировна
Должность: педагог дополнительного образования
Учебное заведение: Муниципальное бюджетное учреждение дополнительного образования Центр детского творчества
Населённый пункт: Темрюк ул. Ленина д. 22
Наименование материала: Методические рекомендации по выполнению контрольных работ
Тема: "Ихтиология и рыбоводство"
Раздел: дополнительное образование





Назад




Муниципальное бюджетное образовательное учреждение

дополнительного образования детей

Центр детского творчества

Темрюкского района.

Принята на заседании Утверждаю

педагогического/методического совета Директор МБОУ ДО ЦДТ

от «____»___________________2017 г. _______________/ФИО/

Протокол № _____________________ «___»__________2017 г.

М.П.

Методические рекомендации по выполнению контрольных работ

и варианты контрольных заданий

для студентов очной и заочной формы обучения

по специальности

111401 Ихтиология и рыбоводство

Автор составитель: педагог дополнительного образования

Лебедева Светлана Владимировна

2015 год

Методические указания и контрольные задания для студентов очной и

заочной формы обучения.

1. Пояснительная записка.

Данные методические указания составлены для студентов очного и

заочного

обучения.

Основной

целью

обучения

курса

«Иностранный

язык»

является

обучение практическому владению разговорно-бытовой речью и деловым языком

специальности для активного применения как в повседневной жизни, так и в

профессиональной деятельности.

Критерием

практического

владения

иностранным

языком

является

умение

достаточно

свободно

пользоваться

относительно

простыми

языковыми

средствами в основных видах речевой деятельности: говорении, аудировании,

чтении,

письме.

Практическое

владение

языком

предполагает

также

умение

самостоятельно

работать

со

специальной

литературой

с

целью

получения

профессиональной

информации,

оформлять

деловую

переписку,

вести

беседу,

переговоры.

Занятия по курсу «Иностранный язык» имеют практический характер. Освоение и

совершенствование

студентами

фонетики,

грамматики

(морфологии

и

синтаксиса), правил словообразования и сочетаемости слов, а также лексики и

фразеологии происходит в процессе работы с устными и письменными текстам,

разного

рода

словарями

и

справочниками,

организуемой

с

учетом

новых

педагогических технологий.

В результате изучения курса «Иностранный язык» студент должен уметь:

- распознавать отдельные (простые и сложные) звуки в словах;

- выделять ключевые слова и основную идею звучащей речи;

- понимать смысл монологической и диалогической речи;

- поставить вопросы и ответить на них;

-

составить связный текст с использованием ключевых слов на бытовые и

профессиональные темы;

- сделать устное сообщение на заданную тему (с предварительной подготовкой);

-

сделать краткий или подробный пересказ прослушанного или прочитанного

текста.

- уметь читать новые тексты общекультурного, общенаучного характера и тексты

по специальности;

- определять содержание текста по знакомым словам, и т.п.;

- распознавать значения слов по контексту;

-

переводить (со словарем) бытового, литературного и специального текста с

иностранного на русский и с русского на иностранный язык;

иностранном языке;

знать:

- гласные и согласные звуки.

- ударение в словах; одноударные и двуударные слова;

- интонация речи (повествование, вопрос);

-

формальные

признаки

существительного,

артикль,

множественное

число,

притяжательный падеж;

-

местоимения

(личные,

притяжательные,

указательные;

неопределенные

местоимения any, some, по и их производные );

- числительные ( количественные, порядковые);

- степени сравнения прилагательных и наречий:

- времена английского глагола (Present, Раst, Future (Simple, Continuous, Perfect);

- модальные глаголы;

- функции глаголов to have , to be;

2. Введение.

Настоящие

методические

указания

имеют

целью

помочь

вам

в

вашей

самостоятельной работе над развитием практических навыков чтения и перевода

литературы по специальности на английском языке. Для того чтобы добиться

успеха, необходимо приступить к работе над языком с первых же дней занятий в

вузе и заниматься языком систематически. Особенностью изучения иностранного

языка в заочной системе обучения является то, что бóльшая часть языкового

материала

должна

прорабатываться

самостоятельно.

На

аудиторные

занятия

отводится не менее 8 часов, на самостоятельную работу - 199 часов. Программа

по английскому языку ставит перед собой следующие задачи:

1)оказать

практическую

помощь

студентам,

самостоятельно

изучающим

английский

язык.

За

весь

период

обучения

на

заочном

отделении

студент

выполняет

одну

контрольную

работу,

состоящую

из

текста,

который

они

выбирают

согласно

предложенного

перечня

вариантов

по

последним

цифрам

шифра. Вариант контрольной работы должен соответствовать номеру варианта и

цифре шифра. Объём работы не должен превышать 12-ти листов рукописного

текста.

Листы

должны

иметь

поля

не

менее

сантиметров

для

замечаний

преподавателя.

Первый

лист

титульный,

с

указанием

варианта.

Контрольная

работа выполняется фиолетовыми или синими чернилами, чётко и аккуратно, без

исправлений и помарок. Текст необходимо переписать в тетрадь, затем выполнить

письменно

перевод

текста.

В

конце

работы

должен

быть

приведён

список

использованной

литературы,

дата

выполнения

работы

и

подпись

студента.

Выполненная работа сдаётся в учебную часть не позднее, чем за 2 недели до

начала сессии. При получении проверенной контрольной работы с рецензией

преподавателя

студенты

должны

исправить

ошибки,

сделать

дополнения

к

ответам,

дать

объяснения

по

замечаниям

рецензии.

На

зачёте

студент

предоставляет преподавателю контрольную работу со всеми дополнениями.

Студенты, не выполнившие контрольную работу, к зачёту не допускаются.

На зачёте студенты должны быть готовы ответить на вопросы преподавателя по

контрольной работе.

При

возникновении

трудностей

в

изучении

и

при

выполнении

контрольной

работы, студентам следует обратиться к преподавателю за консультацией.

Исправления контрольной работы на основе рецензии

Проверенная

преподавателем

контрольная

работа

возвращается

студенту

с

рецензией и оценкой «зачтено» или «не зачтено». Студент должен ознакомиться с

рецензией,

с

исправлениями,

замечаниями,

указаниями

на

полях

работы,

проанализировать их. Если работа зачтена, но в ней допущен ряд ошибок, то их

надо

исправить.

Руководствуясь

указаниями

рецензента,

повторите

соответствующий

грамматический

материал,

проверьте

значения

неверно

переведенных слов по словарю и т. д. Все предложения, в которых были ошибки,

перепишите

в

конце

контрольной

работы

в

исправленном

виде.

Контрольная

работа

с

исправлением

ошибок

предъявляется

преподавателю

на

зачетно-

экзаменационной сессии. Если работа не зачтена, ее следует переделать целиком

или частично, в зависимости от указаний преподавателя. Контрольные работы

являются учебными документами, которые необходимо сохранять и предъявлять

на зачетах и экзаменах. При сдаче зачета или экзамена преподаватель может

провести

опрос

и

по

контрольной

работе.

Контрольная

работа

должна

быть

зарегистрирована.

При

оформлении

контрольных

заданий

придерживайтесь

следующих

указаний:

• Выполняйте каждую контрольную работу в отдельной тетради. На обложке

напишите свою фамилию, имя, отчество, адрес.

• Работа должна быть написана аккуратно, четко, разборчиво, без сокращений.

Для замечаний, объяснений, указаний рецензента оставляйте в тетради широкие

поля.

• Выполняйте работы в той последовательности, в которой они даны в настоящем

пособии. Присылайте на проверку только одну работу.

• Обязательно указывайте номер упражнения и переписывайте задание. Модель

выполнения можно не переписывать.

Если контрольная работа выполнена неясно, небрежно, неполностью или не в

соответствии с указаниями, она возвращается студенту без проверки.

Контрольная работа №1

Fish farming

Fish farming is the principal form of aquaculture, while other methods may fall under

mariculture. Fish farming involves raising fish commercially in tanks or enclosures,

usually

for

food. A

facility

that

releases

young

(juvenile)

fish

into

the

wild

for

recreational fishing or to supplement a species' natural numbers is generally referred to

as a fish hatchery. The most common fish species raised by fish farms are salmon, carp,

tilapia, European seabass, catfish and cod. There is an increasing demand for fish and

fish protein, which has resulted in widespread overfishing in wild fisheries. Fish

farming offers fish marketers another source. However, farming carnivorous fish, such

as salmon, does not always reduce pressure on wild fisheries, since carnivorous farmed

fish are usually fed fishmeal and fish oil extracted from wild forage fish. In this way, the

salmon can consume in weight more wild fish than they weigh themselves. The global

returns for fish farming recorded by the FAO in 2008 totalled 33.8 million tonnes worth

about $US 60 billion.

Vocabulary

Fish pond, aquiculture, involves, salmon, carp, seabass, codfish, stock a pond with fish,

referred, hatchery, demand, marketers.

1. Образуйте множественное число существительных.

Carp, fish, brush, rowan, pear, cherry, raspberry, dogwood, bus, leaf, body.

2.Образуйте степени сравнения прилагательных.

Polite, easy, low, clever, ripe, thin, beautiful, little, happy, big, gray, far, honorable, bad,

dry, near, old, complete.

3. Переделайте предложения в отрицательные и в вопросительные.

1.The quality of fish is very important for fish-maker. 2. The red original wine can

prepare from sloe. 3. The English fish market was lucrative. 4. The levy on French fish

were roughly equivalent to 20 GBP. 5. My brother plays football very well. 6. My sister

sings very often. 7. She washes her face.

4. Вставьте притяжательные местоимения.

1.This is Mr. Simpson. And this is ... son.

2. This is my dog. And this is ... house.

3.This is Mary. And this is ... husband.

4. My name is Ann. And these are ... parents.

5.These are Tom and Jack. And these are ... brothers.

5.Вставьте глагол to be.

1.Tom ... good boy. 2. Jack and Jill... my friends. 3. Mr. And Mrs. Brown ... on holidays.

4. Everybody knows her. She … a doctor. 5. The letter … for you. 6. Mike and I... in the

yard. 7. Simon ... absent today. 8. Karen ... our new teacher. 9. We ... doing test. 10.

Alina learns English. She … clever girl.

6 . Н а п и ш и т е

с л ов а м и

к о л и ч е с т в е н н ы е

ч и с л и т е л ь н ы е.

7,8,56,23,567,133,5,11,21,56,88.

7.Раскройте скобки, употребляя глагол в одном из следующих времён: Present

Simple. Present Continuous. Future Simple.

1. Jason (not come) with us this evening.

2. What this sign (mean)?

3. We usually (meet) at the sports centre every Monday afternoon.

4. I promise, I (come) to you place next Sunday.

5. John and Mary (play) chess at the moment.

8. Replace the infinitives given in brackets by the Past Simple:

1 That boy (break) my window.

2 I (drive) to work every day last year.

3 Laura (hit) that boy.

4 James (keep) the book about films.

5 We (meet) them at the same place every week.

6 You (put) that there.

7 We (sit) at the same desks.

8 An American (win) Wimbledon last year.

Контрольная работа №2

Major categories of fish aquaculture.

There

are

two

kinds

of

aquaculture:

extensive

aquaculture

based

on

local

photosynthetical production and intensive aquaculture, in which the fish are fed with

external food supply. Extensive aquaculture Aqua-Boy, a Norwegian live fish carrier

used to service the Marine Harvest fish farms on the West coast of Scotland. Limiting

for growth here is the available food supply by natural sources, commonly zooplankton

feeding on pelagic algae or benthic animals, such as crustaceans and mollusks. Tilapia

species filter feed directly on phytoplankton, which makes higher production possible.

The photosynthetic production can be increased by fertilizing the pond water with

artificial fertilizer mixtures, such as potash, phosphorus, nitrogen and micro-elements.

Because most fish are carnivorous, they occupy a higher place in the trophic chain and

therefore only a tiny fraction of primary photosynthetic production (typically 1%) will

be converted into harvest-able fish. Another issue is the risk of algal blooms. When

temperatures, nutrient supply and available sunlight are optimal for algal growth, algae

multiply their biomass at an exponential rate, eventually leading to an exhaustion of

available nutrients and a subsequent die-off. The decaying algal biomass will deplete the

young (juvenile) fish into the wild for recreational fishing or to supplement a species'

natural numbers is generally referred to as a fish hatchery . Aqua-Boy, a Norwegian

live fish carrier used to service the Marine Harvest fish farms on the West coast of

Scotland. Limiting for growth here is the available food supply by natural sources,

commonly zooplankton feeding on pelagic algae or benthic animals, such as crustaceans

and mollusks. Tilapia species filter feed directly on phytoplankton, which makes higher

production possible. The photosynthetic production can be increased by fertilizing the

pond water with artificial fertilizer mixtures, such as potash, phosphorus, nitrogen and

micro-elements. Because most fish are carnivorous, they occupy a higher place in the

trophic chain and therefore only a tiny fraction of primary photosynthetic production

(typically 1%) will be converted into harvest-able fish.

Vocabulary

Fish pond, aquiculture, involves, salmon, carp, seabass, codfish, stock a pond with fish,

referred, hatchery, demand, marketers.

1. Образуйте множественное число существительных.

Carp, fish, brush, rowan, pear, cherry, raspberry, dogwood, bus, leaf, body.

2.Образуйте степени сравнения прилагательных.

Polite, easy, low, clever, ripe, thin, beautiful, little, happy, big, gray, far, honorable, bad,

dry, near, old, complete.

3. Переделайте предложения в отрицательные и в вопросительные.

1.The quality of fish is very important for fish-maker. 2. The red original wine can

prepare from sloe. 3. The English fish market was lucrative. 4. The levy on French fish

were roughly equivalent to 20 GBP. 5. My brother plays football very well. 6. My sister

sings very often. 7. She washes her face.

4. Вставьте притяжательные местоимения.

1.This is Mr. Simpson. And this is ... son.

2. This is my dog. And this is ... house.

3.This is Mary. And this is ... husband.

4. My name is Ann. And these are ... parents.

5.These are Tom and Jack. And these are ... brothers.

5.Вставьте глагол to be.

1.Tom ... good boy. 2. Jack and Jill... my friends. 3. Mr. And Mrs. Brown ... on holidays.

4. Everybody knows her. She … a doctor. 5. The letter … for you. 6. Mike and I... in the

yard. 7. Simon ... absent today. 8. Karen ... our new teacher. 9. We ... doing test. 10.

Alina learns English. She … clever girl.

6.Напишите

с л о в а м и

к о л и ч е с т в е н н ы е

ч и с л и т е л ь н ы е.

7,8,56,23,567,133,5,11,21,56,88.

7.Раскройте скобки, употребляя глагол в одном из следующих времён: Present

Simple. Present Continuous. Future Simple.

1. Jason (not come) with us this evening.

2. What this sign (mean)?

3. We usually (meet) at the sports centre every Monday afternoon.

4. I promise, I (come) to you place next Sunday.

5. John and Mary (play) chess at the moment.

8. Replace the infinitives given in brackets by the Past Simple:

1 That man (break) my heart.

2 She (drive) to work every day last year.

3 Jerry (hit) that boy.

4 James (read) the book about films.

5 We (meet) them at the bus station.

6 You (put) your hat there.

7 They (sit) at the same desks.

8 An American (win) Wimbledon last year.

Контрольная работа №3

Expressing eggs from a female rainbow trout

The cost of inputs per unit of fish weight is higher than in extensive farming, especially

because of the high cost of fish feed, which must contain a much higher level of protein

(up to 60%) than cattle food and a balanced amino acid composition as well. However,

these higher protein level requirements are a consequence of the higher food conversion

efficiency (FCR—kg of feed per kg of animal produced) of aquatic animals. Fish like

salmon have FCR's in the range of 1.1 kg of feed per kg of salmon[citation needed]

whereas chickens are in the 2.5 kg of feed per kg of chicken range. Fish don't have to

stand up or keep warm and this eliminates a lot of carbohydrates and fats in the diet,

required to provide this energy. This frequently is offset by the lower land costs and the

higher productions which can be obtained due to the high level of input control.

Essential here is aeration of the water, as fish need a sufficient oxygen level for growth.

This is achieved by bubbling, cascade flow or aqueous oxygen. Catfish, Clarias spp. can

breathe atmospheric air and can tolerate much higher levels of pollutants than trout or

salmon, which makes aeration and water purification less necessary and makes Clarias

species especially suited for intensive fish production. In some Clarias farms about 10%

of the water volume can consist of fish biomass. The risk of infections by parasites like

fish lice, fungi (Saprolegnia spp.), intestinal worms (such as nematodes or trematodes),

bacteria (e.g., Yersinia spp., Pseudomonas spp.), and protozoa (such as Dinoflagellates)

is similar to animal husbandry, especially at high population densities. However, animal

husbandry is a larger and more technologically mature area of human agriculture and

better solutions to pathogen problem exist. Intensive aquaculture does have to provide

adequate water quality (oxygen, ammonia, nitrite, etc.) levels to minimize stress, which

makes the pathogen problem more difficult. This means, intensive aquaculture requires

tight monitoring and a high level of expertise of the fish farmer.

Vocabulary

Fish pond, aquiculture, involves, salmon, carp, seabass, codfish, stock a pond with fish,

referred, hatchery, demand, marketers.

1. Образуйте множественное число существительных.

Carp, fish, brush, rowan, pear, cherry, raspberry, dogwood, bus, leaf, body.

2.Образуйте степени сравнения прилагательных.

Polite, easy, low, clever, ripe, thin, beautiful, little, happy, big, gray, far, honorable, bad,

dry, near, old, complete.

3. Переделайте предложения в отрицательные и в вопросительные.

1.The quality of fish is very important for fish-maker. 2. The red original wine can

prepare from sloe. 3. The English fish market was lucrative. 4. The levy on French fish

were roughly equivalent to 20 GBP. 5. My brother plays football very well. 6. My sister

sings very often. 7. She washes her face.

4.Вставьте глагол to be.

1.Tom ... good boy. 2. Jack and Jill... my friends. 3. Mr. And Mrs. Brown ... on holidays.

4. Everybody knows her. She … a doctor. 5. The letter … for you. 6. Mike and I... in the

yard. 7. Simon ... absent today. 8. Karen ... our new teacher. 9. We ... doing test. 10.

Alina learns English. She … clever girl.

5.Напишите

с л о в а м и

к о л и ч е с т в е н н ы е

ч и с л и т е л ь н ы е.

7,8,56,23,567,133,5,11,21,56,88.

6.Раскройте скобки, употребляя глагол в одном из следующих времён: Present

Simple. Present Continuous. Future Simple.

1. Jason (not come) with us this evening.

2. What this sign (mean)?

3. We usually (meet) at the sports centre every Monday afternoon.

4. I promise, I (come) to you place next Sunday.

5. John and Mary (play) chess at the moment.

7. Replace the infinitives given in brackets by the Past Simple:

1 That boy (break) my window.

2 I (drive) to work every day last year.

3 Laura (hit) that boy.

4 James (keep) the book about films.

5 We (meet) them at the same place every week.

6 You (put) that there.

7 We (sit) at the same desks.

8 An American (win) Wimbledon last year.

8.

Use the right form of the adjective:

1. I suppose you know him well-probably (good) than anybody else. 2. He spoke

English badly- (bad) than expected. 3. I can't understand what you're saying. Could you

speak a bit (slow)? 4. A snail is (slow) than a tortoise. 5. I'd like to change cars (often).

6. My mother was feeling tired last night so she went to bed (early) than usual.

Контрольная работа №4

Irrigation ditch or pond systems

These use irrigation ditches or farm ponds to raise fish. The basic requirement is to have

a ditch or pond that retains water, possibly with an above-ground irrigation system

(many irrigation systems use buried pipes with headers.) Using this method, one can

store one's water allotment in ponds or ditches, usually lined with bentonite clay. In

small systems the fish are often fed commercial fish food, and their waste products can

help fertilize the fields. In larger ponds, the pond grows water plants and algae as fish

food. Some of the most successful ponds grow introduced strains of plants, as well as

introduced strains of fish. Control of water quality is crucial. Fertilizing, clarifying and

pH control of the water can increase yields substantially, as long as eutrophication is

prevented and oxygen levels stay high. Yields can be low if the fish grow ill from

electrolyte stress. Composite

fish culture. The Composite fish culture system is a

technology developed in India by the Indian Council of Agricultural Research in the

1970s. In this system both local and imported fish species, a combination of five or six

fish species is used in a single fish pond. These species are selected so that they do not

compete for food among them having different types of food habitats. As a result the

food available in all the parts of the pond is used.

Vocabulary

Fish pond, aquiculture, involves, salmon, carp, seabass, codfish, stock a pond with fish,

referred, hatchery, demand, marketers.

1. Образуйте множественное число существительных.

Carp, fish, brush, rowan, pear, cherry, raspberry, dogwood, bus, leaf, body.

2.Образуйте степени сравнения прилагательных.

Polite, easy, low, clever, ripe, thin, beautiful, little, happy, big, gray, far, honorable, bad,

dry, near, old, complete. beautiful

3. Переделайте предложения в отрицательные и в вопросительные.

1.The quality of fish is very important for fish-maker. 2. The red original wine can

prepare from sloe. 3. The English fish market was lucrative. 4. The levy on French fish

were roughly equivalent to 20 GBP. 5. My brother plays football very well. 6. My sister

sings very often. 7. She washes her face.

4.Вставьте глагол to be.

1.Tom ... good boy. 2. Jack and Jill... my friends. 3. Mr. And Mrs. Brown ... on holidays.

4. Everybody knows her. She … a doctor. 5. The letter … for you. 6. Mike and I... in the

yard. 7. Simon ... absent today. 8. Karen ... our new teacher. 9. We ... doing test. 10.

Alina learns English. She … clever girl.

5.Напишите

с л о в а м и

к о л и ч е с т в е н н ы е

ч и с л и т е л ь н ы е.

7,8,56,23,567,133,5,11,21,56,88.

6.Раскройте скобки, употребляя глагол в одном из следующих времён: Present

Simple. Present Continuous. Future Simple.

1. Jason (not come) with us this evening.

2. What this sign (mean)?

3. We usually (meet) at the sports centre every Monday afternoon.

4. I promise, I (come) to you place next Sunday.

5. John and Mary (play) chess at the moment.

7. Replace the infinitives given in brackets by the Past Simple:

1 That boy (break) my window.

2 I (drive) to work every day last year.

3 Laura (hit) that boy.

4 James (keep) the book about films.

5 We (meet) them at the same place every week.

6 You (put) that there.

7 We (sit) at the same desks.

8 An American (win) Wimbledon last year.

8.

Use the right form of the adjective:

1. I suppose you know him well-probably (good) than anybody else. 2. He spoke

English badly- (bad) than expected. 3. I can't understand what you're saying. Could you

speak a bit (slow)? 4. A snail is (slow) than a tortoise. 5. I'd like to change cars (often).

6. My mother was feeling tired last night so she went to bed (early) than usual.

9.

Fill in the blanks with the preposition required. Translate the sentences into

Russian.

... week-days we work. We rest ... Sundays. I get up ... the morning. We sleep ... night.

She promised to do this work ... time. We have our vacation ... January. We live ... the

twentieth century. We tell the ... a clock or a watch. Our child is in the fresh air ...

morning ... night. My father comes home ... noon.

Контрольная работа №5

Indoor fish farming

An alternative to outdoor open ocean cage aquaculture, is through the use of a

recirculation aquaculture system (RAS). A RAS is a series of culture tanks and filters

where water is continuously recycled and monitored to keep optimal conditions year

round. To prevent the deterioration of water quality, the water is treated mechanically

through the removal of particulate matter and biologically through the conversion of

harmful accumulated chemicals into nontoxic ones. Other treatments such as UV

sterilization, ozonation, and oxygen injection are also used to maintain optimal water

quality. Through this system, many of the environmental drawbacks of aquaculture are

minimized including escaped fish, water usage, and the introduction of pollutants. The

practices also increased feed-use efficiency growth by providing optimum water quality

(Timmons

et

al.,

2002;

Piedrahita,

2003).

One

of

the

drawbacks

to

recirculation

aquaculture systems is water exchange. However, the rate of water exchange can be

reduced through aquaponics, such as the incorporation of hydroponically grown plants

(Corpron and Armstrong, 1983) and denitrification (Klas et al., 2006). Both methods

reduce the amount of nitrate in the water, and can potentially eliminate the need for

water exchanges, closing the aquaculture system from the environment. The amount of

interaction between the aquaculture system and the environment can be measured

through the cumulative feed burden (CFB kg/M3), which measures the amount of feed

that goes into the RAS relative to the amount of water and waste discharged. Because of

its high capital and operating costs, RAS has generally been restricted to practices such

as

broodstock

maturation,

larval

rearing,

fingerling

production,

research

animal

production, SPF (specific pathogen free) animal production, and caviar and ornamental

fish production. Although the use of RAS for other species is considered by many aqua

culturalists to be impractical, there has been some limited successful implementation of

this with high value product such as barramundi, sturgeon and live tilapia in the US.

Vocabulary

Fish pond, aquiculture, involves, salmon, carp, seabass, codfish, stock a pond with fish,

referred, hatchery, demand, marketers.

1. Образуйте множественное число существительных.

Carp, fish, brush, rowan, pear, cherry, raspberry, dogwood, bus, leaf, body.

2.Образуйте степени сравнения прилагательных.

Polite, easy, low, clever, ripe, thin, beautiful, little, happy, big, gray, far, honorable, bad,

dry, near, old, complete.

3. Переделайте предложения в отрицательные и в вопросительные.

1.The quality of fish is very important for fish-maker. 2. The red original wine can

prepare from sloe. 3. The English fish market was lucrative. 4. The levy on French fish

were roughly equivalent to 20 GBP. 5. My brother plays football very well. 6. My sister

sings very often. 7. She washes her face.

4. Вставьте притяжательные местоимения.

1.This is Mr. Simpson. And this is ... son.

2. This is my dog. And this is ... house.

3.This is Mary. And this is ... husband.

4. My name is Ann. And these are ... parents.

5.These are Tom and Jack. And these are ... brothers.

5.Вставьте глагол to be.

1.Tom ... good boy. 2. Jack and Jill... my friends. 3. Mr. And Mrs. Brown ... on holidays.

4. Everybody knows her. She … a doctor. 5. The letter … for you. 6. Mike and I... in the

yard. 7. Simon ... absent today. 8. Karen ... our new teacher. 9. We ... doing test. 10.

Alina learns English. She … clever girl.

6.Напишите

с л о в а м и

к о л и ч е с т в е н н ы е

ч и с л и т е л ь н ы е.

7,8,56,23,567,133,5,11,21,56,88.

7.Раскройте скобки, употребляя глагол в одном из следующих времён: Present

Simple. Present Continuous. Future Simple.

1. Jason (not come) with us this evening.

2. What this sign (mean)?

3. We usually (meet) at the sports centre every Monday afternoon.

4. I promise, I (come) to you place next Sunday.

5. John and Mary (play) chess at the moment.

8. Replace the infinitives given in brackets by the Past Simple:

1 That boy (break) my window.

2 I (drive) to work every day last year.

3 Laura (hit) that boy.

4 James (keep) the book about films.

5 We (meet) them at the same place every week.

6 You (put) that there.

7 We (sit) at the same desks.

8 An American (win) Wimbledon last year.

9.

Use the right form of the adjective:

1. I suppose you know him well-probably (good) than anybody else. 2. He spoke

English badly- (bad) than expected. 3. I can't understand what you're saying. Could you

speak a bit (slow)? 4. A snail is (slow) than a tortoise. 5. I'd like to change cars (often).

6. My mother was feeling tired last night so she went to bed (early) than usual.

Контрольная работа №6

Expressing eggs from a female rainbow trout

The cost of inputs per unit of fish weight is higher than in extensive farming, especially

because of the high cost of fish feed, which must contain a much higher level of protein

(up to 60%) than cattle food and a balanced amino acid composition as well. However,

these higher protein level requirements are a consequence of the higher food conversion

efficiency (FCR—kg of feed per kg of animal produced) of aquatic animals. Fish like

salmon have FCR's in the range of 1.1 kg of feed per kg of salmon[citation needed]

whereas chickens are in the 2.5 kg of feed per kg of chicken range. Fish don't have to

stand up or keep warm and this eliminates a lot of carbohydrates and fats in the diet,

required to provide this energy. This frequently is offset by the lower land costs and the

higher productions which can be obtained due to the high level of input control.

Essential here is aeration of the water, as fish need a sufficient oxygen level for growth.

This is achieved by bubbling, cascade flow or aqueous oxygen. Catfish, Clarias spp. can

breathe atmospheric air and can tolerate much higher levels of pollutants than trout or

salmon, which makes aeration and water purification less necessary and makes Clarias

species especially suited for intensive fish production. In some Clarias farms about 10%

of the water volume can consist of fish biomass. The risk of infections by parasites like

fish lice, fungi (Saprolegnia spp.), intestinal worms (such as nematodes or trematodes),

bacteria (e.g., Yersinia spp., Pseudomonas spp.), and protozoa (such as Dinoflagellates)

is similar to animal husbandry, especially at high population densities. However, animal

husbandry is a larger and more technologically mature area of human agriculture and

better solutions to pathogen problem exist. Intensive aquaculture does have to provide

adequate water quality (oxygen, ammonia, nitrite, etc.) levels to minimize stress, which

makes the pathogen problem more difficult. This means, intensive aquaculture requires

tight monitoring and a high level of expertise of the fish farmer.

Vocabulary

Fish pond, aquiculture, involves, salmon, carp, seabass, codfish, stock a pond with fish,

referred, hatchery, demand, marketers.

1. Образуйте множественное число существительных.

Carp, fish, brush, rowan, pear, cherry, raspberry, dogwood, bus, leaf, body.

2.Образуйте степени сравнения прилагательных.

Polite, easy, low, clever, ripe, thin, beautiful, little, happy, big, gray, far, honorable, bad,

dry, near, old, complete.

3. Переделайте предложения в отрицательные и в вопросительные.

1.The quality of fish is very important for fish-maker. 2. The red original wine can

prepare from sloe. 3. The English fish market was lucrative. 4. The levy on French fish

were roughly equivalent to 20 GBP. 5. My brother plays football very well. 6. My sister

sings very often. 7. She washes her face.

4.Вставьте глагол to be.

1.Tom ... good boy. 2. Jack and Jill... my friends. 3. Mr. And Mrs. Brown ... on holidays.

4. Everybody knows her. She … a doctor. 5. The letter … for you. 6. Mike and I... in the

yard. 7. Simon ... absent today. 8. Karen ... our new teacher. 9. We ... doing test. 10.

Alina learns English. She … clever girl.

5.Напишите

с л о в а м и

к о л и ч е с т в е н н ы е

ч и с л и т е л ь н ы е.

7,8,56,23,567,133,5,11,21,56,88.

6.Раскройте скобки, употребляя глагол в одном из следующих времён: Present

Simple. Present Continuous. Future Simple.

1. Jason (not come) with us this evening.

2. What this sign (mean)?

3. We usually (meet) at the sports centre every Monday afternoon.

4. I promise, I (come) to you place next Sunday.

5. John and Mary (play) chess at the moment.

7. Replace the infinitives given in brackets by the Past Simple:

1 That boy (break) my window.

2 I (drive) to work every day last year.

3 Laura (hit) that boy.

4 James (keep) the book about films.

5 We (meet) them at the same place every week.

6 You (put) that there.

7 We (sit) at the same desks.

8 An American (win) Wimbledon last year.

8.

Use the right form of the adjective:

1. I suppose you know him well-probably (good) than anybody else. 2. He spoke

English badly- (bad) than expected. 3. I can't understand what you're saying. Could you

speak a bit (slow)? 4. A snail is (slow) than a tortoise. 5. I'd like to change cars (often).

6. My mother was feeling tired last night so she went to bed (early) than usual.

Контрольная работа №7

Major categories of fish aquaculture.

There

are

two

kinds

of

aquaculture:

extensive

aquaculture

based

on

local

photosynthetical production and intensive aquaculture, in which the fish are fed with

external food supply. Extensive aquaculture Aqua-Boy, a Norwegian live fish carrier

used to service the Marine Harvest fish farms on the West coast of Scotland. Limiting

for growth here is the available food supply by natural sources, commonly zooplankton

feeding on pelagic algae or benthic animals, such as crustaceans and mollusks. Tilapia

species filter feed directly on phytoplankton, which makes higher production possible.

The photosynthetic production can be increased by fertilizing the pond water with

artificial fertilizer mixtures, such as potash, phosphorus, nitrogen and micro-elements.

Because most fish are carnivorous, they occupy a higher place in the trophic chain and

therefore only a tiny fraction of primary photosynthetic production (typically 1%) will

be converted into harvest-able fish. Another issue is the risk of algal blooms. When

temperatures, nutrient supply and available sunlight are optimal for algal growth, algae

multiply their biomass at an exponential rate, eventually leading to an exhaustion of

available nutrients and a subsequent die-off. The decaying algal biomass will deplete the

young (juvenile) fish into the wild for recreational fishing or to supplement a species'

natural numbers is generally referred to as a fish hatchery . Aqua-Boy, a Norwegian

live fish carrier used to service the Marine Harvest fish farms on the West coast of

Scotland. Limiting for growth here is the available food supply by natural sources,

commonly zooplankton feeding on pelagic algae or benthic animals, such as crustaceans

and mollusks. Tilapia species filter feed directly on phytoplankton, which makes higher

production possible. The photosynthetic production can be increased by fertilizing the

pond water with artificial fertilizer mixtures, such as potash, phosphorus, nitrogen and

micro-elements. Because most fish are carnivorous, they occupy a higher place in the

trophic chain and therefore only a tiny fraction of primary photosynthetic production

(typically 1%) will be converted into harvest-able fish.

Vocabulary

Fish pond, aquiculture, involves, salmon, carp, seabass, codfish, stock a pond with fish,

referred, hatchery, demand, marketers.

1. Образуйте множественное число существительных.

Carp, fish, brush, rowan, pear, cherry, raspberry, dogwood, bus, leaf, body.

2.Образуйте степени сравнения прилагательных.

Polite, easy, low, clever, ripe, thin, beautiful, little, happy, big, gray, far, honorable, bad,

dry, near, old, complete.

3. Переделайте предложения в отрицательные и в вопросительные.

1.The quality of fish is very important for fish-maker. 2. The red original wine can

prepare from sloe. 3. The English fish market was lucrative. 4. The levy on French fish

were roughly equivalent to 20 GBP. 5. My brother plays football very well. 6. My sister

sings very often. 7. She washes her face.

4. Вставьте притяжательные местоимения.

1.This is Mr. Simpson. And this is ... son.

2. This is my dog. And this is ... house.

3.This is Mary. And this is ... husband.

4. My name is Ann. And these are ... parents.

5.These are Tom and Jack. And these are ... brothers.

5.Вставьте глагол to be.

1.Tom ... good boy. 2. Jack and Jill... my friends. 3. Mr. And Mrs. Brown ... on holidays.

4. Everybody knows her. She … a doctor. 5. The letter … for you. 6. Mike and I... in the

yard. 7. Simon ... absent today. 8. Karen ... our new teacher. 9. We ... doing test. 10.

Alina learns English. She … clever girl.

6.Напишите

с л о в а м и

к о л и ч е с т в е н н ы е

ч и с л и т е л ь н ы е.

7,8,56,23,567,133,5,11,21,56,88.

7.Раскройте скобки, употребляя глагол в одном из следующих времён: Present

Simple. Present Continuous. Future Simple.

1. Jason (not come) with us this evening.

2. What this sign (mean)?

3. We usually (meet) at the sports centre every Monday afternoon.

4. I promise, I (come) to you place next Sunday.

5. John and Mary (play) chess at the moment.

8. Replace the infinitives given in brackets by the Past Simple:

1 That man (break) my heart.

2 She (drive) to work every day last year.

3 Jerry (hit) that boy.

4 James (read) the book about films.

5 We (meet) them at the bus station.

6 You (put) your hat there.

7 They (sit) at the same desks.

8 An American (win) Wimbledon last year.

Контрольная работа №8

Irrigation ditch or pond systems

These use irrigation ditches or farm ponds to raise fish. The basic requirement is to have

a ditch or pond that retains water, possibly with an above-ground irrigation system

(many irrigation systems use buried pipes with headers.) Using this method, one can

store one's water allotment in ponds or ditches, usually lined with bentonite clay. In

small systems the fish are often fed commercial fish food, and their waste products can

help fertilize the fields. In larger ponds, the pond grows water plants and algae as fish

food. Some of the most successful ponds grow introduced strains of plants, as well as

introduced strains of fish. Control of water quality is crucial. Fertilizing, clarifying and

pH control of the water can increase yields substantially, as long as eutrophication is

prevented and oxygen levels stay high. Yields can be low if the fish grow ill from

electrolyte stress. Composite

fish culture. The Composite fish culture system is a

technology developed in India by the Indian Council of Agricultural Research in the

1970s. In this system both local and imported fish species, a combination of five or six

fish species is used in a single fish pond. These species are selected so that they do not

compete for food among them having different types of food habitats. As a result the

food available in all the parts of the pond is used. Integrated recycling systems. One of

the largest problems with freshwater aquaculture is that it can use a million gallons of

water per acre (about 1 m³ of water per m²) each year. Extended water purification

systems allow for the reuse (recycling) of local water. The largest-scale pure fish farms

use a system derived (admittedly much refined) from the New Alchemy Institute in the

1970s. Basically, large plastic fish tanks are placed in a greenhouse.

Vocabulary

Fish pond, aquiculture, involves, salmon, carp, seabass, codfish, stock a pond with fish,

referred, hatchery, demand, marketers.

1. Образуйте множественное число существительных.

Carp, fish, brush, rowan, pear, cherry, raspberry, dogwood, bus, leaf, body.

2.Образуйте степени сравнения прилагательных.

Polite, easy, low, clever, ripe, thin, beautiful, little, happy, big, gray, far, honorable, bad,

dry, near, old, complete. beautiful

3. Переделайте предложения в отрицательные и в вопросительные.

1.The quality of fish is very important for fish-maker. 2. The red original wine can

prepare from sloe. 3. The English fish market was lucrative. 4. The levy on French fish

were roughly equivalent to 20 GBP. 5. My brother plays football very well. 6. My sister

sings very often. 7. She washes her face.

4.Вставьте глагол to be.

1.Tom ... good boy. 2. Jack and Jill... my friends. 3. Mr. And Mrs. Brown ... on holidays.

4. Everybody knows her. She … a doctor. 5. The letter … for you. 6. Mike and I... in the

yard. 7. Simon ... absent today. 8. Karen ... our new teacher. 9. We ... doing test. 10.

Alina learns English. She … clever girl.

5.Напишите

с л о в а м и

к о л и ч е с т в е н н ы е

ч и с л и т е л ь н ы е.

7,8,56,23,567,133,5,11,21,56,88.

6.Раскройте скобки, употребляя глагол в одном из следующих времён: Present

Simple. Present Continuous. Future Simple.

1. Jason (not come) with us this evening.

2. What this sign (mean)?

3. We usually (meet) at the sports centre every Monday afternoon.

4. I promise, I (come) to you place next Sunday.

5. John and Mary (play) chess at the moment.

7. Replace the infinitives given in brackets by the Past Simple:

1 That boy (break) my window.

2 I (drive) to work every day last year.

3 Laura (hit) that boy.

4 James (keep) the book about films.

5 We (meet) them at the same place every week.

6 You (put) that there.

7 We (sit) at the same desks.

8 An American (win) Wimbledon last year.

8.

Use the right form of the adjective:

1. I suppose you know him well-probably (good) than anybody else. 2. He spoke

English badly- (bad) than expected. 3. I can't understand what you're saying. Could you

speak a bit (slow)? 4. A snail is (slow) than a tortoise. 5. I'd like to change cars (often).

6. My mother was feeling tired last night so she went to bed (early) than usual.

9.

Fill in the blanks with the preposition required. Translate the sentences into

Russian.

... week-days we work. We rest ... Sundays. I get up ... the morning. We sleep ... night.

She promised to do this work ... time. We have our vacation ... January. We live ... the

twentieth century. We tell the ... a clock or a watch. Our child is in the fresh air ...

morning ... night. My father comes home ... noon.

Контрольная работа №9

Cage system

Fish cages are placed in lakes, bayous, ponds, rivers or oceans to contain and protect

fish until they can be harvested. The method is also called "off-shore cultivation when

the

cages

are

placed

in

the

sea. They

can

be

constructed

of

a

wide

variety

of

components. Fish are stocked in cages, artificially fed, and harvested when they reach

market size. A few advantages of fish farming with cages are that many types of waters

can be used (rivers, lakes, filled quarries, etc.), many types of fish can be raised, and

fish farming can co-exist with sport fishing and other water uses. Cage farming of fishes

in open seas is also gaining popularity. Concerns of disease, poaching, poor water

quality, etc., lead some to believe that in general, pond systems are easier to manage and

simpler to start. Also, past occurrences of cage-failures leading to escapes, have raised

concern regarding the culture of non-native fish species in open-water cages. Even

though

the

cage-industry

has

made

numerous

technological

advances

in

cage

construction in recent years, the concern for escapes remains valid. Main article:

Copper alloys in aquaculture. Recently, copper alloys have become important netting

materials in aquaculture. Copper alloys are antimicrobial, that is, they destroy bacteria,

viruses,

fungi,

algae,

and

other

microbes.

In

the

marine

environment,

the

antimicrobial/algaecidal properties of copper alloys prevent biofouling, which can

briefly

be

described

as

the

undesirable

accumulation,

adhesion,

and

growth

of

microorganisms, plants, algae, tube worms, barnacles, mollusks, and other organisms.

The resistance of organism growth on copper alloy nets also provides a cleaner and

healthier environment for farmed fish to grow and thrive. In addition to its antifouling

benefits,

copper

netting

has

strong

structural

and

corrosion-resistant

properties

in

marine environments. Copper-zinc brass alloys are currently (2011) being deployed in

commercial-scale aquaculture operations in Asia, South America and the USA (Hawaii).

Vocabulary

Fish pond, aquiculture, involves, salmon, carp, seabass, codfish, stock a pond with fish,

referred, hatchery, demand, marketers.

1. Образуйте множественное число существительных.

Carp, fish, brush, rowan, pear, cherry, raspberry, dogwood, bus, leaf, body.

2.Образуйте степени сравнения прилагательных.

Polite, easy, low, clever, ripe, thin, beautiful, little, happy, big, gray, far, honorable, bad,

dry, near, old, complete.

3. Переделайте предложения в отрицательные и в вопросительные.

1.The quality of fish is very important for fish-maker. 2. The red original wine can

prepare from sloe. 3. The English fish market was lucrative. 4. The levy on French fish

were roughly equivalent to 20 GBP. 5. My brother plays football very well. 6. My sister

sings very often. 7. She washes her face.

4. Вставьте притяжательные местоимения.

1.This is Mr. Simpson. And this is ... son.

2. This is my dog. And this is ... house.

3.This is Mary. And this is ... husband.

4. My name is Ann. And these are ... parents.

5.These are Tom and Jack. And these are ... brothers.

5.Вставьте глагол to be.

1.Tom ... good boy. 2. Jack and Jill... my friends. 3. Mr. And Mrs. Brown ... on holidays.

4. Everybody knows her. She … a doctor. 5. The letter … for you. 6. Mike and I... in the

yard. 7. Simon ... absent today. 8. Karen ... our new teacher. 9. We ... doing test. 10.

Alina learns English. She … clever girl.

6.Напишите

с л о в а м и

к о л и ч е с т в е н н ы е

ч и с л и т е л ь н ы е.

7,8,56,23,567,133,5,11,21,56,88.

7.Раскройте скобки, употребляя глагол в одном из следующих времён: Present

Simple. Present Continuous. Future Simple.

1. Jason (not come) with us this evening.

2. What this sign (mean)?

3. We usually (meet) at the sports centre every Monday afternoon.

4. I promise, I (come) to you place next Sunday.

5. John and Mary (play) chess at the moment.

8. Replace the infinitives given in brackets by the Past Simple:

1 That boy (break) my window.

2 I (drive) to work every day last year.

3 Laura (hit) that boy.

4 James (keep) the book about films.

5 We (meet) them at the same place every week.

6 You (put) that there.

7 We (sit) at the same desks.

8 An American (win) Wimbledon last year.

9.

Use the right form of the adjective:

1. I suppose you know him well-probably (good) than anybody else. 2. He spoke

English badly- (bad) than expected. 3. I can't understand what you're saying. Could you

speak a bit (slow)? 4. A snail is (slow) than a tortoise. 5. I'd like to change cars (often).

6. My mother was feeling tired last night so she went to bed (early) than usual.

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